SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Inti dari simple past tense adalah menyatakan peristiwa yang telah
lampau. Lampau disini tak harus sudah sangat lama, yang penting sudah
berlalu, sudah lewat. Mungkin kemarin, satu jam lalu, 2 tahun lalu, 2
abad yang lalu, dsb. Semua itu sudah “past”. Itulah penekanannya.A. STRUKTUR KALIMAT:
- POSITIVE SENTENCE
subject | + | main verb |
(past)
|
- NEGATIVE SENTENCE
subject | + | auxiliary verb | + | not | + | main verb |
(did )
|
(base)
|
- INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
auxiliary verb | + | subject | + | main verb |
(did)
|
(base)
|
B. VERB PADA SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Berlaku untuk semua subjek:
V1 (base) |
V2 (past) |
||
regular verb | work explode like |
worked exploded liked |
Bentuk lampau untuk semua verba reguler berakhir dengan –ed. |
irregular verb | go see sing |
went saw sang |
Bentuk lampau kata kerja tak beraturan adalah variabel. |
subject | auxiliary verb | main verb | |||
+
|
I | went | to school. | ||
You | worked | very hard. | |||
–
|
She | did | not | go | with me. |
We | did | not | work | yesterday. | |
?
|
Did | you | go | to London? | |
Did | they | work | at home? |
subject | main verb | |||
+
|
I, he/she/it | was | here. | |
You, we, they | were | in London. | ||
–
|
I, he/she/it | was | not | there. |
You, we, they | were | not | happy. | |
?
|
WasWere | I, he/she/it You, we, they | right? |
C. KRITERIA PENGGUNAAN SIMPLE PAST TENSE:
- Dimulai dan berakhir di masa lalu
Contoh:
- I saw a movie yesterday. (Aku melihat film kemarin. )
- Did you have dinner last night? (Apakah Anda sudah makan malam terakhir?)
- She washed her car. (Dia mencuci mobilnya.)
- Rangkaian kegiatan telah berakhir
Contoh:
- I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. (Aku selesai bekerja, berjalan ke pantai, dan menemukan tempat yang bagus untuk berenang.)
- He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00. (Dia tiba dari bandara pada jam 8:00, check in di hotel di 9:00, dan bertemu dengan orang lain pada pukul 10:00.)
- Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs? (Apakah Anda menambahkan tepung, tuangkan dalam susu, kemudian tambahkan telur?
- Jangka waktu di masa lalu
Contoh:
- I lived in Brazil for two years. (Saya tinggal di Brazil selama dua tahun.)
- Shauna studied Japanese for five years. (Shauna belajar bahasa Jepang selama lima tahun.)
- They sat at the beach all day. (Mereka duduk di pantai sepanjang hari.)
- They did not stay at the party the entire time. (Mereka tidak tinggal di pesta sepanjang waktu.)
- We talked on the phone for thirty minutes. (Kami berbicara di telepon selama tiga puluh menit.
- Kebiasaan di Masa Lalu
Contoh:
- I studied French when I was a child. (Aku mempelajari bahasa Perancis ketika aku masih kecil.)
- Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid? ( Apakah Anda memainkan alat musik ketika Anda masih anak-anak?)
- She worked at the movie theater after school. (Dia bekerja di bioskop setelah sekolah.)
- They never went to school, they always skipped class. (Mereka tidak pernah pergi ke sekolah, mereka selalu melewatkan kelas.)
- Fakta masa lalu
Contoh:
- He didn’t like tomatoes before. (Dia tidak suka tomat sebelumnya.)
- Did you live in Texas when you were a kid? (Apakah Anda tinggal di Texas ketika Anda masih anak-anak?)
- People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past. (Dulu orang membayar lebih untuk membuat panggilan ponsel.
Ada banyak kata kerja simple past tense yang tidak beraturan (irregular verbs) dalam bahasa Inggris, yakni tidak ditambahkan -ed. Berikut beberapa kata kerja tidak beraturan yang paling umum.
be – was/were become – became begin – began break – broke bring – brought build – built buy – bought catch – caught choose – chose come – came do – did draw -drew eat – ate feel – felt fight – foughtfind – found fly – flew forget – forgot get – got give – gave go – went have – had hear – heard hit – hit know – knew learn – learnt/learned leave – left lose – lost |
make – made meet – met pay – paid read – read ride – rode run – run say – said sell – sold send – sent shut – shut sing – sang sit – sat sleep – slept smell – smelt/smelled speak – spokestand – stood swim – swam take – took teach – taught tell – told think – thought understand – understood wear – wore win – won write – wrote |
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